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Widely grown in Chile, this grape is identical with the Mission grape of California and Mexico and the Criolla Chica of the Argentine.
Bronze, V.rotundifolia (ie. Muscadine) female pollinate. Reported as heaviest producing female pollinate with largest fruit clusters. 'Girdling' (a.k.a dry scarring) is recommended. No other details as yet.
Has synonym names Maratheftiko, Pambakada and Vamvacada. Red-wine grape indigenous to Cyprus. Used to produce dry varietal wine.
Variety grown in the Puglia region of Italy. No other details as yet.
English translation of name is 'Black Bishop'. Has synonym name Papaskara. Variety grown in Turkey where it is used to make a medium-bodied red wine blend with Cinsault having moderate tannins. No other details as yet.
V.vinifera variety grown in Croatia, former Yugoslavia. Has the synonym name Prc. Characterized by very dense clusters of med-large freckled pale-green berries. Mainly used to create an aromatic white wine often used for blending. Claimed to have mid-term aging ability but usually drunk young. No other details as yet.
a purple liqueur that is flavored with citrus fruits, cloves and other spices. Name means "Perfect Love".
a European liqueur that clouds up when mixed with water, hence the name pastis.
(No other details other than this is a tablegrape cultivar Soraya x IAC 544-41 hybrid cross allegedly developed in Brazil. Has synonym name of IAC 871-41. Not to be confused with a similarly named chance seedling discovered around 1915 in Ontario, Canada that is vigorous, disease-resistant, productive and matures early with a close resemblance to Concord and recommended for planting in Arkansas).
Variety reported as grown in Greece. Has synonym name Pausanias. Claimed DNA evidence stated as pointing to a close relationship with the Tresallier variety of France. (NB: This variety report is suspect because no authenticating details have been found as yet despite various searches).
Red-wine variety grown in the Puglia region of Italy. Has several synonym names including Arquitano, Mosciolo and Vissanello.
Red wine variety grown in the Verduna DOC, Piedmont region of Italy. Also known as Carola, Cari, Fra Germano and Taddone. Ripens in early October.
Almost extinct French red-wine grape recently identified as one of the varieties whose DNA is present in the Durif and Petite Sirah varieties of France and California and, until recently, at the center of an identification controversy.
Variety reported as used by T.V. Munson for breeding purposes (eg. see Lomanto). No other details as yet.
Tablegrape of unknown pedigree grown and occasionally used for making homemade white wines by home gardeners of Paris, France.
Complex vinifera cultivar with Perle von Csaba prominent in its pedigree. Currently mainly grown in South Africa for use as a tablegrape. (No other details available as yet).
Synonym name in the Mandement district of Switzerland for the Chasselas grape.
(a.k.a Pearl of Zala). Vinifera derived grape propagated mainly for table use. Very early ripening, (usually late August), it has a light Muscat flavor. Mainly grown in Central Europe and the N.W. regions of the USA and in British Columbia, Canada. Also one of the parent varieties of the Queen of the Vineyard cross that ripens around mid-September, and also Perel, both useful as tablegrapes.
Tablegrape derived from a cross of Queen of the Vineyard and Sultanina, commonly grown in California, Germany and France. Has larger berries than Thompson Seedless, usually ripening in August, two weeks earlier. Occasionally used for home white winemaking by home gardeners. Has synonym name of Perlet.
French pastis.
Variety still grown in the Champagne region of France where it is used by at least one winery as a sparkling wine blend component along with Arbane and Fromenteau (Gris) wines. DNA checks have recently shown that the subject variety is possibly the result of a Gouais Blanc x Traminer cross. (Also see Meslier St Francois above).
Has synonym name Orion Gris. V.vinifera red-wine creating variety sparsely grown in the Valle d'Aosta region of N.E Italy. Reportedly capable of ageing well, developing fine aromas and balanced flavors. Currently blended with Fumin varietal wine by one winery to create the deeply colored 'Vin de La Sabla' wine. Not to be confused with the french-american hybrid Orion cultivar.
Listed as a cultivar developed by David McGregor that exhibits winter hardiness to -20 deg. F. Used to create a white wine with Muscat flavors. No other details as yet.
Reported as derived from a MN 78 x Canadice cross created by Elmer Swenson. Red-skinned seedless variety having small-medium clusters of small berries. Recommended for very cool climates and claimed to be very hard frost resistant (to -25 deg. F. ie. -32 C) this cultivar ripens very early in northern cool climates. Primary use is as a tablegrape but can make sweet, fruity white wine.
Historically has been something of a 'mystery' vine. When first imported into California this variety somehow acquired the subject name possibly as a result of a labeling error confusing it with Petite Syrah. Is now a widely grown grape variety in California that a recent DNA analysis report, (Meredith, C.P, et al., Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 50(3):236-42 1999), has shown to have a very high probability of being derived from the cross of a Peloursin seedling with the variety Syrah, both grown in the Rhone region of France. It has subsequently been identified as (and is therefore a synonym name for) the variety named Durif (in honor of the developer) chosen and recorded in France around the early 1880's. Traditional Californian wine blends under the name of Petite Sirah are known to have contained a proportion of Barbera or Zinfandel grapewine. Suffice to say that, whatever the provenance of the grapevine(s) currently known as Petite Sirah, they produce dark red, tannic wines in the warmer regions of California, used mainly as backbone for Central Valley 'jug' wines. In the cooler northern regions, where many very old vines still exist, it is often made into a robust, balanced red wine of considerable popularity.
Has several synonym names including Meslier Vert, Milleron Troyen Blanc and Lyonnais. Variety reported (2001) to be the possible result of a Pinot cepage x Gouais Blanc cross. Vine is sparsely grown in France and Hungary where it apparently bears some resemblance to the Aligote variety. No other details as yet.
egg nog style liqueur.
German promising release (1994) with synonym name Geilweilerhof GA 49-22. Has direct parentage of Bacchus x Villard Blanc. Good winter hardiness. SO4 or 5C are recommended rootstocks. Mid-early bud break. Vigorous growth, with early-middle veraison. Resistant to phylloxera, chlorosis. Sensitive to the Mildew diseases, a pre-flowering spray being recommended. Early to mid-season fruit maturity. Wines have aroma with somewhat pronounced Muscat tone and have taste similar to Bacchus wine. The wines mature rapidly and should be bottled early for drinking young. Reported as a white-wine creating variety cross being planted in the Niagara region of Ontario, Canada and, recently, in England.
Listed as a synonym name, by the international grape variety database (above) at Geilweilerhof, Germany, for the Bourboulenc white wine producing variety grown in the southern Rhone and Provence regions of France.
Synonym name for Cinsaut variety where grown in the southern Rhone region of France. Occasionally used in red wine blends but finding less favor in the last decades of the 20th century.
Has several synonym names including Negra Tenera and Petite Raisin. Variety grown in several countries around the Adriatic, but best known in the Carso DOC of the Fruili-Venezia region of Italy where it is a minor ingredient in Terrano based blended red wines that can improve with 3 to 6 years ageing.
Has several synonym names including Balafan, Peccoleto, Ranful Weiss, Wisellertraube Weiss and Uva del Friuli. Reported to be an ancient indigenous white wine producing variety from the Friuli-Venezia-Giulia region of northern Italy. Is low-yielding and is difficult to cultivate. Susceptible at flowering to unknown diseases (reported as similar to Coulure and Millerandage). Sources report that only about 400 hectares are currently (2003) planted, mainly in Friuli. Mainly used for creating sweet dessert wine famous since the Middle Ages.
Red-wine grape grown in Campania, Italy. Has several synonym names including Palombina, Pere'e Pallummo and Strepparossa. Used as a blending wine in the Naples area product known as 'Lachryma Christi del Vesuvio' along with Olivella and Aglianico grapewines.
White-wine producing variety found in Northern and Central Italy. Has several synonym names including Uva Grilli. Used to make dry wines said to have a resemblance to Riesling Italico, and some sweet/sparkling varietals.
Variety used to produce DOC sturdy red wine, with some ageing ability, in the Friuli-Venezia and Lombardy regions of N.E. Italy. Has nearly a dozen synonym names including Ribolo that possibly is an alias name for the Ribolla (Nera) variety, Pignola Valtellinese, Pignola Nera and Pignola Spanna. Where grown in the Valtellina DOC of Lombardy, Italy it is used as a red blending wine, sometimes with Nebbiolo wine. In the Fruili-Venezia region it is best known for producing a ruby-cherry colored wine reported to have good sugars and acidity, wild fruit flavors (?) plus low tannins.
English in origin, this liqueur has a base of London Gin and flavored with fruit extracts.
French-American hybrid, technically known as Kuhlmann 191-1, suitable for winemaking. The small berry bunches ripen early. Its highly flavored grapes are mainly used to flavor neutral wines toward the Burgundian profile.
Bronze, self-fertile V.rotundifolia (ie. Muscadine) variety. Reported as most productive and vigorous, usually ripening in mid-late season with good (16%) fruit sugar content. Claimed to have taste profile reminiscent of pineapple. Resistant to most of the diseases encountered in the deep south and gulf regions of the USA.
a fortified red wine that is similar to port.
Alternate name for Chenin Blanc..
Also known as Pinella. Indigenous white-wine variety grown in the Veneto region of Italy and used to create a sweet varietal or spumante-type wine in the Colli Eugenei DOC.
Minor grape grown in the Pyrenees region of France and one of the grapes used to create a red wine blend known as 'Madiran'. The grape is also known as Fer, (or Fer Servadou) and also, in other regions of France, is named Brocol or Braucol. The other grapewines in the 'Madiran' blend are the Bouchy, Courbu Noir and Tannat grapes. In Argentina the grape known as Fer is thought to be a clone of the Malbec grape.
Introduced by the Missouri State Fruit Experiment Station in 1947. Has the synonym name G-135. Reported as derived from an open pollinated seed of Merrimac. Vigorous and productive the variety yields large, black-skinned berries covered in blue bloom that ripen with Concord. No other details as yet.
Italian version of the grape known as Pinot Blanc. Grown mainly in the Trentino and Fruili regions of Italy. Usually made into a fresh, fruity white wine.
Was thought to be a mutation of the Pinot Gris vine. However, recent DNA analysis shows identical genetic makeup to the Blau Burgunder variety of Austria, possibly having the parents Schwarzriesling (a.k.a Pinot Meunier) x Traminer, this parentage accounting for the varying skin colors of the various related varieties. Grape is generally used to make dry, crisp, rather intense white wines in the Alsace, parts of Burgundy and in Austria. In the latter country it is known as the Weisser Burgunder. In California, a similarly named grape is used to make a fruity, rather subtle wine similar to the simpler versions of Chardonnay. Used in many of the better champagne style sparkling wines of California because of its acid content and clean flavor. However, recent research speculates that some plantings of this California grown grape variety are actually the Melon de Bourgogne, (a.k.a Muscadet de Bourgogne), a grape grown widely in the western reaches of the Loire region of France, and famous for producing the 'Muscadet' tart white wines that match so well with shellfish meals.
Rarely used regional synonym name for the Chardonnay variety..
(Pronounced 'pee-nOH gree-zOH'). Popular synonym name of the Pinot Gris where grown in Italy, the Alsace region of France and elsewhere. Planted extensively in the Venezia and Alto-Adige regions of Italy. Also finding homes in N. America, Australia and New Zealand. Clone SMA 505 is reported to be popular in N. Italy, as is the more aromatic producer SMA 518. In the Alsace it is clones PG 146 and 152 that are reported as most popular. The PG variety has claims to high bud fertility and reportedly readily tends to overcrop beyond the ability to ripen so habitat-suitable rootstocks should be chosen - (SO4 and 5BB are claimed as preferred in N. Italy). Stock is reported as susceptible to the common Mildew diseases. The variety can create crisp, dry wines with good acid 'bite' where grown in cool climate regions such as the Alto-Adige/Trentino regions of N. Italy, New Zealand and Washington state. (See also Pinot Gris below).
Clone of Pinot Noir, used to make light red wines from grapes mainly found in the Friuli-Venezia-Giulia region of Italy.
Grape found on small acreages in California and now thought to be identical to the Negrette of southern France..
Cultivar widely grown and successful in South Africa since its release in in 1925. Also currently grown in Brazil, Canada, California (USA), Virginia (USA) and Zimbabwe. Derived from the crossing of Pinot Noir x Cinsaut. Used to make a popular, hearty red wine that ages well - (and often requires it). Also grown in some quantity on New Zealand's North Island where it is used to produce flavorsome, early-maturing wines that are considerably less concentrated/complex than South African versions. Is one of the few varieties to have an entire webpage (www.pinotage.org) devoted to it.
Synonym name for Folle Blanche variety where grown in the Languedoc region of France. Used for creating vinosity and freshness in the regional white wine blends. Also has the alias name Picpoul. In the Cotes de St-Mont VDQS zone adjoining the Madiran AC of SW France it is known as the Gros Meslier. In Spain the variety has the name Picapoll. Also has synonym names Avello and Picpoule Blanc.
(No details as yet).
a colorless brandy that is produced in Latin America. Main producers are Peru and Chile.
No other details as yet other than this aromatic white-wine variety has several synonym names including (in South Africa) Kanaan. Is also grown in France and Spain.
This variety is reportedly the french-american hybrid Seibel 5455 and is thought by some to be related to Jacquez and so not suitable for the New York State Finger Lakes (USA) or other hard-freeze liable regions. Still one of the most widely planted hybrids remaining in France because of its reliable productivity. Mainly used in that country to produce a decent table wine.
Recent DNA analysis (reported 2001) has found that this variety is the result of a Dobrocic x Crljenak cross. Has synonym name Mali Plavac. Variety prefers sandy/stony soil where it is widely grown in Croatia, former Yugoslavia, ripening in late season with small/medium clusters of (some green shot) deep purple skinned berries. Used to create a dry, full-bodied red wine with some aging potential that has a resemblance to the varietal wine made from Primitivo grapes, a variety grown in southern Italy.
Variety grown in Croatia, former Yugoslavia, preferring sandy soil. The large berries grow in medium/big clusters, ripening with deep purple/black skin color. With average acidity and moderate tannins the juice is mainly used to create dry red wines suitable for young drinking blends. No other details as yet.
(No other details as yet other than it is used to produce a dark red, tannic wine in Georgia, CIS.)
a liqueur which is flavored with Williams pears.
A red-wine grape variety that behaves as a teinturier colorant and originally native to south-west France but, at last report, now only to be found on small acreages in the Stellenbosch region of South Africa in part because of a tendency to bear biennial fruit. It reportedly has the unusual use of monkey deterrence in South Africa. Planted at the end of vine rows, and usually the first vine to attract marauding baboons, it stains their paws with the red juice. Apparently thinking it is blood the creatures depart in a great hurry. Thats the theory anyway! Used by a few wineries to produce a varietal version and the historically interesting 'Constantia' sweet wine blend with wines made from Orange Muscat grapes. Also used by at least one winery as a blend ingredient in Port production.
a dark dessert wine from Portugal.
Derived from a Grenache x Blauer Portuguiser cross. Developed for use in the Mediterranean climate of the south of France where it will ripen even in the cooler regions. Reported to have similarity to the former parent variety and used as a red wine suitable for blending. No other details as yet.
(See Tinta Amarela below).
Variety widely grown in southern Dalmatia region of Croatia, former Yugoslavia. Small/medium berries ripen in large, loose clusters of golden yellow color. Reported to have low disease susceptibility. Used to create light, fresh white wines with grapefruitish flavor suited for early consumption. No other details as yet.
V.lincecumii derived cultivar.
Black-skinned variety grown in eastern France. Used to produce a light-red wine with attractive flowery aroma useful as a blending agent for enhancing less flavorsome local wines.
an after-dinner drink made with liqueurs of varying weights and colors. The liqueurs must be delicately poured into the glass so that several separate layers of liquid are the result.
Has synonym names Jean Mace and Raisin Superbe. (No other details other than it is a white-wine producing variety developed in France and derived from a Boskokisi x Madeleine Royale variety cross.
Also known by the synonym name ES 3-24-7. Is a cross between ES 2-7-13 and ES 2-8-1. Developed by Elmer Swenson in 1980 and released around 1994. Harsh-cold (to -40 deg. F. ie. -38 C) tolerant, this variety is quite disease resistant other than a moderate susceptibility to easily controllable Black Rot and Anthracnose. Usually ripens mid-season. Reported as capable of making a neutral varietal wine with strong floral nose in some years. It is currently used to add body and finish to such other white wines as Louise Swenson. The vine is notable as easily trained to the vertical shoot positioning system.
a cordial flavored to taste like buttery pecan pralines.
This variety is a Vinifera and American native Labrusca cross developed by T.V Munson dating from the late 19th century and once popular in eastern Canada where it was used in varietal sparkling, and other, wines by the now defunct Brights Winery of Ontario province.
Reported to be a V.labrusca variety derived from a (Hector x Seibel 13035) x (Fredonia x Athens) complex cross. Hardier (frost resistant to -25 F ie. -32 C) than Concord it also ripens (ie. similar to Van Buren) some four weeks earlier, with a reported sugar content of 20-22 Brix. Lacks much of the 'musky' flavor common to many labrusca cultivars and is popular as a tablegrape, with quality much the same as Worden. Tolerates Black Rot and Powdery Mildew diseases. Its quality is regarded by some in the northwest USA as among the best of American grapes.
Vigorous seedless tablegrape variety popular in California, USA. Normally ripens in mid-season. Recent (2002) trials suggest that good results in terms of moderating vigor, increased yield and good quality result from grafting 10-23B or 10-17A rootstocks to this cultivar. No other details as yet.
an Italian sparkling wine.
Minor grape grown in Veneto region of northern Italy and generally used to make both crisp, dry whites and also sparkling sweet wines having a uniquely perfumed aroma and nutlike flavor nuance in the better versions. Where locally found under the synonym name Serprina it is usually a varietal, or may be blended with Verdiso grapewine.
Alternative name for Sangiovese Grosso grape..
Has synonym name Bouysselet. Almost extinct V.vinifera variety grown in the Tarn region of France. No other details as yet.
a rum-based drink to which other forms of alcohol - including wine - are added, together with spices such as cinnamon. It is sweetened and then cask-aged.
see vermouth.
(a.k.a Putscher). Wine/table grape native to Hungary and also grown in other countries of eastern Europe under many synonyms. Also found in California where it has the alias name Green Hungarian. Used to produce a bland white wine mainly used for blending.

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